Carbureter.



3.13. TOWNSEND;

CARBURETER.

APPLlcATloN FILED DEclzl. |915' Patented Ang. 7, 1917.

earns A'rn Fien.

ROY CHESTER v'ILOW1\TS}}ND, OF BELOIT, WISCONSIN.

CARBURETER.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented. Aw. 7, i917.

Application led December 21, 1915. Serial No. 68,031.

To all lwhom t may concern:

Be it known that I, ROY C. TowNsEND, a

citizen of the United States, residing at Beloit, in the county of Rock, State of Wisconsin, have invented a new and useful Carbureter; and do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the'invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

This invention relates to an improved 4carbureter, and one of thev objects of the invention is to provide a carbureter, in which low grade fuel oil may \be used.

Another object of the invention is the provision vof a carbureter having means for introducing air from two different sources into the mixing chamber, the air from 'one source being heated, while the other is not,

.and into which mixing chamber the low the mixing cylinder, to inoisten the mixture, which has been found desirable, essential and practical in connection with low grade fuel oils, during high or low speed, or light or heavy loads, but especially when the engine is running under a heavy load.

Another object of the invention is to avoid the introduction of water in large particles into the engine cylinder, when the engine is running under light loads, because the explosive temperature would be too low to thoroughly consume the water and the lubrication in this case would be washed from the cylinder wall, thereby causing fast wearing upon the parts.

.In practical fields the-details of construction may necessitate alterations, falling within the scope of what is claimed.

The invention comprises further features and combination of parts, as hereinafter set forth, shown in the drawings and claimed.

In the drawings Figure 1 lis a vertical sectional view through the carbureter. y l

Fig. 2 ,is -a sectional View online 4-4 of-Fig. 1. v

Fig. 8 is a detail view of the atomizing nozzle for the fuel oil or gasolene.

Fig. t is a detail sectional view, of the i water nozzle and its atomizing extremity. Referring more especially to the drawings, l designates a reservoir for the fuel oil 0r gasolene, and formed on the interior of this reservoir is the passage 2, through which hot air from any suitable source, as

indicated bythe arrow a may pass, land thence through the tube 3 into the mixing chamber 4, which is formed on the -interior of the cylindrical casing 5 of the carbureter. The tube 3 at one end is formed with an annular flange 6, which is clamped between the iianged end 7 of the casing 5 and the fiange 8 of the reservoir casing, there being bolts 9 for securing the parts together. Formed in the wall l0 of the reservoir casing is a duct 11. In other words,

the wall 10 is thickened -or enlarged, and

which thickened or enlarged portion is upon the interior of the space 2, and'in the enlargement the duct 11 is formed.- Referring to Fig. 4 it will be observed that the lower part of the enlargement has an integral connection at 12 with the side ofthe wall of the passage or space 2. Formed through this integral connection 12 Vis a short duct 13, which forms a communication between the interior of the reservoir'and the lower enllarged part or portion 14 of the duct 11, so

that the fuel oil or Ygasolene may pass through the duct 11. Just where the narrow part ofthe duct 11 merges into the larger partthereof a needle valve seat 15 is formed. Coperating with the valve seat is a needle valve 16, the threaded part 17 of which is threaded partially through the thickened wall 10, and is provided with a head 1S, whereby the needle valve may be adjusted, so as to control the quantity of fuel oil or gasolene into the duct 11. vThe duct 11 at its upper portion terminates in angularly extending part 19,'into which the tubular shank 2O of the sprayer or atomizer 2l is threaded or otherwise secured. The sprayer or atomizer is arranged, so as t0 extend partially into the tube 3, so that as ymixed, and the'fuel isbroken into small particles. The casing 5- asa flange 23u12 one Athe hot air from any suitable source is end, which is secured by the bolts 24 to vthe side of the engine cylinder, in the proper position so that the `mixture from the mixing chamber' 4 may be drawn or sucked in to the cylinder' through the port Q5. An ranged in the `casing 5 transversely thereof is a shaft 2G, on which a valve Q7 is mounted. This shaft may be connected by any suitable means (not shown), to a suitable governor mechanism (not shown), so that the shaft may be operated automatically, for actuating the valve 27, which controls the desired amount of combustible `fuel into the cylinder 28. However, any suitable lmanually operated nieans may be connected to the shaft 26 for actuating the valve. The casing 5 is provided with an integral downwardly extending tubular casing 29 having a chamber 30, through which cold air frein any suitable source may enter as indicated by the arrow o. YWhere the casing 29 forms an integral part of the casing 5 a valve seat 3l is provided. Cooperating with the seat 31 is a disk valve 32 having` a stem S3 mounted in axially arranged bearings 34 of .the/spiders 35, which extends across the chamber of the tubular casing 29. A disk member 36 is threaded upon the shank 33 or stem, for adjusting the tension of the spring 37, which is interposed between thc diskmember 36 and the upper spider 35. Uig'gon the suction stroke of the piston 38 in they engine cylinder, the valve 82 is automatically unseated or opened, against the 1, tension oi' the sirin' 37 thereb i draWinOl H 7 h i a charge ot' cold air into the mixin(T chami H H ber l, to mix ywith the atomized oil fuel or` gasolene and the hot airy from the passage 2.

Secured to the side ofthe casing 29 is a needle valve basing 40 havingl a duct l and valve seat 2t This needle valve casing 4() has a tube itl connected to it as at elli, for conveying cold water from any suitable source into the casing at t5. A needle valve i6 has its threaded portion'l threaded into the casing l0. rlhe thumb piece 48 may be turned for regulating the needle valve relative toits seat, for controlling the supply ot cold water. A spraying or atomizing nozzle l5) is threaded at 50 into the needle valve casing 40. The nozzle 49 has its atoinizing extremity disposed axially With the center of the chamber 30, so that the water passing in regulated quantities through the nozzle 49, may be atomized into the cold air entering through the chamber 30, at all times responsible to the suction stroke of the piston of the engine. However, the introduction of the atomized tine mist or spray of water is particularly essential when the engine is ruiming under a heavy load. However, the atomizing extremity of the nozzle must be of such a construction thatthe water will be introduced into the cold air in infinitesimal particles,

assente kor in the form of an extremely fine mist, so

that when the charge (which is composed of hot and cold air and atomized fuel oil and atomized or a tine mist of Water) en ters the combustion chamber of the engine, the explosive temperature in the combustion chamber will thoroughly consume the water or moisture in the charge, Without washing out the lubricant on the Wall o the combustion chamber. lt has been found exceedingly desirable, essential and practical to introduce a small quantity of Watercombined with cold air into a combustible charge oit gas, 'for moistening the same, when producing the combustible charge from a low grade of fuel oil. The water after it leaves the atomizing extremity ot the nozzle '49 is further brokeny and distributed into the cold air, owing to the. water being directed against the lower end ot' the stem 88 of the disk valve 32, in View of the fact that the stem 33 is axially alined withvthe atomizing extremity of the nozzle 49. ln operation a `column of hot air passes through. the tube 3, and with which column of air, a low grade of fuel oil or gasolene or the like isA thoroughly mixed, by being atomized or vsprayed thereinto, from the atoniizing or spraying end 2l. As this ininture ot' hot air and atomized low grade oil or gasolene enters the mixing chamber 4, combined cold air and an atomized 'or ne mist ot'. water is drawn past the valve 32 into the chamber A-l and`1nixed therewith, thereby forming al combustible charge suitable to be introduced into a combustion chamber, of an internal combustion engine, the valve 27 constituting means t0 control the amount of 'charge to be drawn into said combustion chamber.

T he invention having been set forth,what is claimed as new and useful is:

l. in a carbureter, a casing having a mix ing chamber, means for introducing a column of heated air into said chamber, a liqquid fuel reservoir surrounding the column of heatedair, means for introducing uel vinto the 'column'ot heated air to pass into the mixing chamber, and means for introducing combined cold air and a small quantity of water into said mixing chamber, and

means for confining the heated air in a colgmn until and as it enters the mixing cham- 2. ln a carbureter, a casing having a mixing chamber, means for introducing a coluntil and as it enters the mixing chamber,

. into the mixing chamber,

said fuel atomizing means extending into the confining means.

3. In a carbureter, a casing having a mixing chamber, means for introducing a Icolumn of heated air into said chamber, a liq- -uid fuel reservoir surrounding the column of heated air, means for introducing -fuel into the column` of heated airl to pass into the mixing chamber, and means for introducing combined'bold air and a small quan- 1tity of water into saidinixing chamber, and means for confining the: heated air in a column until and as it enters the mixing chamber, said confining meansv comprising. a tube extending into the mixing chamber.

4. In a carbureter, a easing having a mixing chamber, umn of heated air into said chamber, a liquid fuel reservoir surrounding the column of heated air, means for introducing fuel into the column of heated air topass said casing consisting of two parts, means comprising a tube for confining the heated air in a column until and as it enters the mixing chamber,

' said tube having a flange clamped between said two 'parts of the casing, means consisting of an atomizer extending into thetube for atomizing4 the fuel into the column of air, means for introducing combined cold air and a small quantity of water into said mixing chamber, and means for atomizingy the water. I

5v. In a carbureter, a casing having a mixing chamber, a liquid fuel reservoir fixed to said casing, a tube extending axially of said casing and having means fixed between the reservoir and the casing, v said reservoir4 having an interior wall forming a passage 1n communlcation with and conteylng hot air through said tube into said in-. Zing chamber,' means for introducing atoinized fuel from the reservoir into said column of hot air of said tube, and means responsive to ,the 'suction strokes of an engine for permitting the introduction of. combined cold air and the fine mist into said mixing chamlber.

means for Vintroducing a colsaid casing,

disposed axially having an interior wall forming a passage 1n communication with and conveying 'hot air through said tube into said mixing chamber,` means for introducing atomized fuel from the reservoir into said column of hot air of said tube, and means responsive to the suction strokes of an engine for permitting the introduction of combined cold air' and the fine mist into said mixing chamber, said Alast named means comprising a valve responsive to the suction stroke of the engine,and means for atomizing water into said cold air.

7. In a carbureter, a casing having a mixing chamber, a liquid fuel reservoir secured to said casing, a tube arranged axially of the mixing chamber and having a flange secured between the reservoirO and `said reservoir having an interior wall forming a passage for introducing hot air through saidtube into .said mixing chamber, one wall of the reservoir having a duct in communication with the in,- terior of the reservoir, a needle valve to control the fuel from the reservoir into'said duct, said duct having means to` atomize said fuel into the hot air as it passes through the tube, a cold air passage in communication with the mixing chamber, a valve cont'rollingY the communication between the cold air passage and the mixing chamber and being responsive to the suction strokes of an engine to permit cold airv to enter the mixing chamber, and a nozzle with thestem of the valve for atomizing water into said cold air.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.-

nov CHESTER TowNslEND. 

